En viktig faktor i schizofreni och Alzheimers sjukdom, liksom vid koncentrationsstörningar av typ adhd, är att minneskretsarna lätt blir distraherade av andra signaler. Då är de hämmande cellerna inte tillräckligt aktiva, och patienten tappar fokus.
Dopamin reglerar
Nya experimentella fynd visar att signalsubstansen dopamin kan reglera aktiviteten hos de hämmande nervcellerna så att vi inte distraheras så lätt, och hur denna mekanism kan förbättra vårt närminne.
- Brist på dopamin gör oss mindre fokuserade och försämrar korttidsminnet. Vi är ute efter farmaka som påverkar exakt rätt typ av dopaminutsöndrande celler i pannloben, säger Jesper Tegnér, professor i biologiska beräkningar vid Linköpings universitet
Studier av barn med adhd
Pannloben är sätet för arbetsminnet, vår förmåga att hålla information aktiv under korta perioder. Bakom den modell som nu presenteras ligger bland annat studier av hur barn med adhd reagerar på minnesträning. Jesper Tegnér har tillsammans med amerikanska kolleger konstruerat en matematisk modell, som representerar en krets med 1 000 celler i främre pannloben hos apor.
Utfallet har jämförts med experimentella studier över apors hjärnaktivitet. Simuleringarna gjorde precisa förutsägelser kring dopaminets effekter på de hämmande nervcellerna. De nya resultaten kan ligga till grund för studier av schizofreni och även för att förbättra träningsprogrammen för barn med adhd.
Bestående effekter
- Det har visat sig att träningsprogrammen har kvarstående effekter. Uppenbarligen sker bestående förändringar i nervcellskretsarna, säger Jesper Tegnér.
Den nya hjärnmodellen presenteras i nummer 5/2004 av den vetenskapliga tidskriften PNAS.
Dopamin reglerar
Nya experimentella fynd visar att signalsubstansen dopamin kan reglera aktiviteten hos de hämmande nervcellerna så att vi inte distraheras så lätt, och hur denna mekanism kan förbättra vårt närminne.
- Brist på dopamin gör oss mindre fokuserade och försämrar korttidsminnet. Vi är ute efter farmaka som påverkar exakt rätt typ av dopaminutsöndrande celler i pannloben, säger Jesper Tegnér, professor i biologiska beräkningar vid Linköpings universitet
Studier av barn med adhd
Pannloben är sätet för arbetsminnet, vår förmåga att hålla information aktiv under korta perioder. Bakom den modell som nu presenteras ligger bland annat studier av hur barn med adhd reagerar på minnesträning. Jesper Tegnér har tillsammans med amerikanska kolleger konstruerat en matematisk modell, som representerar en krets med 1 000 celler i främre pannloben hos apor.
Utfallet har jämförts med experimentella studier över apors hjärnaktivitet. Simuleringarna gjorde precisa förutsägelser kring dopaminets effekter på de hämmande nervcellerna. De nya resultaten kan ligga till grund för studier av schizofreni och även för att förbättra träningsprogrammen för barn med adhd.
Bestående effekter
- Det har visat sig att träningsprogrammen har kvarstående effekter. Uppenbarligen sker bestående förändringar i nervcellskretsarna, säger Jesper Tegnér.
Den nya hjärnmodellen presenteras i nummer 5/2004 av den vetenskapliga tidskriften PNAS.
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